When I was working as a barista in Australia, at least 90% of the drinks we made were milk-based coffee. Flat white, latte, cappuccino—you name it. If you want to create these delicious beverages and even try your hand at latte art at home, the first step is learning how to steam milk. Here’s a guide to getting that perfect creamy texture without wasting too much milk.
When aiming for that velvety milk foam for your lattes and cappuccinos, you can either steam or froth the milk. Traditional steaming uses a steam wand, injecting the milk with air while heating it. This method gives you control over the milk’s texture, creating anything from fine microfoam to thick foam peaks. Raising the steam wand just above the milk’s surface helps you achieve that silky texture.
Frothing milk is another option, using gadgets like a French press or an electric frother. While these methods don’t usually match the quality of steamed milk, they are more accessible and budget-friendly.
To steam milk like a barista, start by measuring out your cold milk and pouring it into a steel milk pitcher. Purge the steam wand to eliminate any water and then clean it thoroughly. Position the milk jug at a 30-degree angle with the nozzle about an inch deep into the milk. Aerate the milk by lowering the jug so the nozzle slightly breaks the surface, creating tiny ‘kissing’ sounds. Once the milk reaches 40°C (body temperature), submerge the nozzle again to create a whirlpool effect, spinning until the milk reaches 60°C.
After turning off the steam and placing the jug down, wipe the steam wand clean. Swirl the milk jug to remove any large bubbles, aiming for a smooth and shiny texture. To pour, tilt your espresso cup and get the milk jug spout as close as possible. With practice, you’ll be pouring latte art like hearts and rosettas in no time.
While mastering steaming techniques, avoid common mistakes like overheating the milk, over-aerating, or starting with warm milk. Always aim for a smooth whirlpool to get the best texture and flavor.
Choosing the right milk is crucial. Full-fat dairy milk generally offers the best results, but many plant-based options like soy or oat milk can work well too. Always start with cold, fresh milk.
If you don’t have a steam wand, you can still create decent milk foam with common household items. Automatic milk frothers, handheld balloon whisks, and even microwaves can do the job. For instance, you can shake warm milk in a mason jar or use a French press to froth and achieve a reasonably good texture.
Steaming milk at home, whether with professional equipment or makeshift gadgets, takes practice. Start with cold milk, aerate until body temperature, then spin to finish off. Following these steps will have you steaming like a pro and enjoying delicious coffee at home.
Regardless of the method you choose, practice is key. Stick to the core principles—start with cold milk, aerate until body temperature, then spin until hot. Soon, you’ll be steaming milk like a barista, enhancing your coffee experience with every cup.